BREAKING: Trump - Zelensky Talks in Process London, 18 August 2025 Trump: “I don’t do ceasefire” - “if everything works out well, we will have a trilateral meeting” (with Putin) • Trump hopes for long term peace, calls for Ukraine not to join NATO • Zelensky notes that Ukraine will need all the help they can get • Trump says the US will be involved in Ukraine security • Trump to call Putin after the end of the meeting with Zelenzky - Zelensky notes he is “ready” for a trilateral meeting • Air raid surens in Ukraine while talks begin • President Trump states that Zelensky can stop the war immediately Source: BBC news

Cigars Pairing: The Ultimate Dream Team for Your Premium Cigar Experience Cigars have a long-standing reputation as symbols of luxury and indulgence. Lighting one up is more than just a habit; it's an experience that engages your senses and offers a chance to unwind. Whether you’re an experienced cigar lover or just starting, discovering the right pairing can make your cigar experience truly exceptional. I shall attempt to highlight the best pairings (according to my opinion) for premium cigars, enhancing the flavours and aromas while creating unforgettable moments. Understanding the Basics of Cigar Pairing To find the perfect pairing, it's important to grasp some fundamentals of cigar pairing. The primary goal is to identify complementary flavors that elevate both the cigar and the beverage or food you choose. Consider the cigar's strength, flavor profile, and aroma when making a selection. A full-bodied cigar may overpower a lighter drink, while a milder cigar could be overshadowed by a strong spirit. According to experts, about 70% of your enjoyment comes from the interplay of flavors between the cigar and its pairing. Experimentation is essential! Don't hesitate to mix and match different options to discover what delights your taste buds. Classic Pairings: Whiskey and Cigars One of the most celebrated and tested pairings is whiskey and cigars. The complexity and warmth of whiskey can beautifully enhance the subtle flavors of a premium cigar. Bourbon and Cigars Bourbon is known for its sweet and smoky profile, making it a fantastic match for cigars that share similar flavors. Look for cigars with notes of caramel, vanilla, or oak. For instance, pairing a Woodford Reserve Bourbon with a cigar like the Padron 2000 can result in a delightful combination—both have hints of caramel and earthy undertones, creating a cohesive flavor experience. A glass of bourbon next to a premium cigar Scotch and Cigars Scotch whisky, especially those with a peaty character, can create a striking contrast when paired with creamy cigars. A robust cigar like the Cohiba Siglo VI can stand up to the bold flavors of a Laphroaig Scotch, leading to a memorable tasting experience. Rye Whiskey and Cigars Rye whiskey, renowned for its spiciness, pairs exceptionally well with cigars exhibiting a peppery kick. An example is a rich rye whiskey like Bulleit, which works perfectly with the Liga Privada No. 9 cigar, resulting in a dynamic flavor profile that excites the palate. Wine and Cigar Pairings Wine offers an impressive range of flavors and aromas, making it an excellent choice for pairing with cigars. Red Wine and Cigars Full-bodied red wines like Cabernet Sauvignon or Malbec complement the richness of robust cigars. The tannins in the wine enhance the cigar's flavors. For instance, a Cabernet Sauvignon from Napa Valley can elevate a cigar like the Romeo y Julieta 1875, resulting in a remarkable balancement of flavours. White Wine and Cigars If you favour white wine, opt for a full-bodied Chardonnay. Its buttery notes pair beautifully with creamy cigars—think a Montecristo No. 2 to achieve a luxuriously smooth experience. Sparkling Wine and Cigars Sparkling wines such as Champagne or Prosecco introduce a refreshing contrast to rich cigars. The effervescence refreshes your palate, making them ideal accompaniments for lighter cigars like an Ashton Classic. Coffee and Cigar Pairings Coffee is a classic companion to cigars, providing a rich and aromatic experience. Espresso and Cigars A bold espresso can enhance the flavors of a full-bodied cigar. The coffee's bitterness balances the sweetness found in some cigars, such as the Oliva Serie V. Cold Brew and Cigars On a warm day, consider pairing a cold brew coffee with a milder cigar. The smooth, mellow tones of cold brew complement the flavors without overpowering. For example, a Nicaraguan cigar like the Oliva Connecticut Reserve fits well with a smooth cold brew. Flavoured Coffee and Cigars Flavoured coffees, such as those infused with hazelnut or vanilla, can add an exciting element to your cigar experience. Pair these with a cigar that has similar notes for a harmonious tasting journey. Food Pairings: Elevating Your Cigar Experience Pairing cigars with food can create a multi-sensory experience that tantalizes your taste buds. Charcuterie and Cigars A charcuterie board with cured meats, cheeses, and nuts makes for an excellent cigar accompaniment. The varied flavors and textures can enhance the overall experience and draw out different notes in your cigar. Dark Chocolate and Cigars Dark chocolate, with its rich flavors, pairs superbly with many cigars. Try a 70% cocoa chocolate with a cigar like the Macanudo Inspirado Black for a beautifully balanced pairing. Grilled Meats and Cigars Grilled meats, especially those with smoky flavors, complement the richness of a cigar. The charred notes from the grill enhance the cigar's profile. A steak paired with a rich cigar like the CAO Flathead will surely satisfy. Exploring Unique Pairings While traditional pairings are wonderful, don’t hesitate to venture into more unique combinations that can surprise your palate. Craft Beer and Cigars Craft beers offer diverse flavor profiles that can create exciting pairings. A citrusy IPA pairs nicely with a creamy cigar like the Arturo Fuente Gran Reserva, while a rich stout enhances the flavors of a full-bodied smoke, such as the AJ Fernandez New World. Tea and Cigars Tea can also serve as a refreshing alternative to traditional pairings. Black or oolong teas can complement the cigar without overwhelming its flavors. Match a smooth oolong tea with a mild cigar like the Hoyo de Monterrey for an enjoyable experience. Cocktails and Cigars Craft cocktails present another fun pairing option. A well-balanced cocktail can enhance the flavor of a cigar, creating a unique tasting experience. For example, a classic Old Fashioned pairs beautifully with a rich Maduro cigar. Tips for Perfect Pairings To ensure successful pairings, consider these key tips: Balance is Key : Aim for a balance between the strength of the cigar and the accompanying beverage or food. Experiment : Don’t hesitate to try new combinations. Your palate is unique; sometimes unexpected pairings lead to delightful surprises. Keep Notes : Maintain a journal of your pairings. Document your favorites and the combinations you enjoyed the most. Seek Recommendations : Don’t hesitate to ask fellow cigar enthusiasts or local cigar shops for their personal favorites. Enjoy the Journey : The world of cigar pairings is exciting. Slowly explore and take time to enjoy the rich flavors waiting for you. Your Path to Exceptional Pairings Pairing a premium cigar with the right beverage or food can elevate your smoking experience into something truly extraordinary. Whether you opt for whiskey, wine, coffee, or even craft cocktails, the combinations are endless. The key is to experiment and find what resonates with your individual taste. Enhance your cigar enjoyment while creating memorable moments. Gather your favorite cigars, try new pairings, and savor the rich flavors that await you. Happy smoking! (Written by, Angelos Tsigkopoulos) A charcuterie board with a premium cigar A glass of red wine beside a premium cigar

European Equities Fall London, 18 August 2025 As traders awaited a pivotal week for US monetary policy and watched peace talks over Ukraine, the Stoxx 50 traded cautiously lower and the Stoxx 600 hovered around the flatline on Monday. Investors anticipated that Jerome Powell, the chair of the Federal Reserve's Jackson Hole symposium, would offer insight into the future for interest rates. Amid worries that Kyiv would be pressured to accept terms that favor Moscow, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and European leaders were scheduled to meet US President Donald Trump in Washington to negotiate a potential peace agreement. Following the new IRS safe harbor regulations, Vestas' stock increased 9.7%, making it one of the best-performing single equities on the STOXX 600. Additionally, Novo Nordisk had a more than 3% increase in value on Tradegate following the US approval of Wegovy, a weight-loss medication, to treat the liver illness MASH. Commerzbank's stock, meanwhile, fell 3.7% when Deutsche Bank cut its rating from "Buy" to "Hold." Stats On August 18, 2025, the EU50, the primary stock market index for the Euro Area, dropped to 5419 points, down 0.55% from the previous day. Trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that monitors this benchmark index from the Euro Area shows that the index has up 1.42% over the previous month and is up 11.23% from the same period last year. The Euro Area Stock Market Index (EU50) peaked in March 2025 at an all-time high of 5568.65. The most recent update to the Euro Area Stock Market Index (EU50) data, projections, and historical chart was made on August 18, 2025. (Source: Tradingeconomics.com )

US-EU Dialogue on Peace Talks with Ukraine Following the Alaska Summit London, 18 August 2025 The recent summit in Alaska between President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin marked a new chapter in the ongoing conflict over Ukraine. As geopolitical tensions rise, the United States and the European Union are preparing for an important dialogue with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. The goal of this meeting is to explore effective pathways to peace and stability in Ukraine, a country that has faced turmoil since the annexation of Crimea and the outbreak of war in Eastern Ukraine in 2014. As Trump rules out Ukraine on claiming Crimea or joining NATO, we shall focus on the implications of the Alaska summit, the upcoming discussions between the US, EU, and Ukraine, and the wider context of international relations that impact these diplomatic efforts. US - EU Flags The Alaska Summit: A Turning Point The Alaska summit marked a significant moment in US-Russia relations, as both leaders addressed various issues, including security, trade, and the long-standing conflict in Ukraine. This meeting was characterized by a complex mix of confrontation and dialogue, showcasing the uneasy relationship between the two nations. The outcomes of the summit bring concerns about the future of Ukraine and how the West can support its sovereignty. After facing threats of further aggression, Ukraine's resilience is now more crucial than ever. In fact, as of 2022, around 45% of Ukrainians believed that recent international support had improved their country's security situation. A tranquil Alaskan landscape reflecting the summit's backdrop The discussions in Alaska have laid the groundwork for the upcoming talks involving the US, EU, and Zelenskyy. As Ukraine's leader prepares to meet with Western partners, the focus will be on diplomatic solutions to the ongoing conflict with Russia. The Role of the US and EU in Ukraine Since the crisis began in 2014, the United States and the European Union have played critical roles in supporting Ukraine. Their efforts have included imposing economic sanctions on Russia, providing military aid, and facilitating diplomatic conversations. As the situation develops, both the US and EU are seeking to reinforce their commitment to Ukraine's sovereignty. The discussions with President Zelenskyy will likely target several key areas, including: Security Assistance : The US has provided approximately $2.5 billion in military aid to Ukraine since 2014, helping to strengthen its defense against Russian aggression. Continued military support will focus on enhancing Ukraine's air and naval capabilities. Economic Aid : With an economy still recovering from substantial conflict-related damages, economic assistance continues to be vital. For instance, in the last year, the US has committed around $1.3 billion in economic aid to help stabilize Ukraine's financial situation. Diplomatic Engagement : Developing strategies to engage Russia in productive discussions will be essential for reducing tensions and fostering peace. This collaborative approach from the US and EU is crucial for keeping Ukraine's needs at the forefront of international priorities. President Zelenskyy's Vision for Peace President Zelenskyy has consistently called for a peaceful resolution to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. His administration places a strong emphasis on dialogue and negotiation, striving to involve both Western allies and Russia in meaningful discussions to end hostilities. Zelenskyy's vision includes: A Comprehensive Peace Plan : This plan aims to address the root causes of the conflict and outline actionable steps for reconciliation. Zelenskyy has proposed measures including a ceasefire, withdrawal of foreign troops, and local elections in disputed regions. International Support : By leveraging the influence of the US and EU, Zelenskyy seeks to compel Russia to comply with international agreements and norms. Reconstruction Efforts : Plans are also in place to restore war-torn regions in Ukraine. An estimated $5 billion is required for comprehensive reconstruction efforts to rebuild infrastructure, homes, and essential services in affected areas. The upcoming discussions will be pivotal in determining how effectively Zelenskyy's peace initiatives can be advanced. A historic Ukrainian landmark symbolizing resilience and hope The Geopolitical Landscape The conflict in Ukraine has implications that extend beyond the region, influencing global security and international dynamics. Major powers like the US and Russia play significant roles, underscoring Ukraine's strategic importance in global geopolitics. Key factors influencing the situation include: NATO's Role : The North Atlantic Treaty Organization has been key in supporting Ukraine and deterring Russian aggression. For instance, NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence involves thousands of troops stationed in Eastern European member states to bolster regional defenses. European Security : Maintaining stability in Eastern Europe is vital for EU security. An unstable Ukraine risks the safety of neighboring EU countries, making the resolution of this conflict a top priority for European leaders. Global Economic Implications : The ongoing conflict has disrupted trade routes and energy supplies, impacting economies worldwide. About 35% of the natural gas that Europe imports comes through Ukrainian pipelines, so any disruptions can affect energy prices and supply stability across the continent. Understanding these dynamics is vital for grasping the stakes involved in the US-EU dialogue with Ukraine. Anticipated Outcomes of the US-EU Dialogue As the US and EU prepare for discussions with President Zelenskyy, several potential outcomes may emerge from these talks: Strengthened Alliances : A reaffirmation of the US and EU's commitment to Ukraine could reinforce alliances and enhance collaborative efforts in defense and recovery. New Initiatives : The introduction of fresh programs aimed at aiding Ukraine's defense and economic recovery could build momentum for effective solutions. Increased Pressure on Russia : A unified stance from the US and EU may lead to greater diplomatic pressure on Russia to engage in constructive dialogue. Public Support for Peace : The international community and public opinion can be rallied to support peace initiatives, creating broader momentum for positive change. These outcomes will be crucial for shaping Ukraine's future and its relationship with the West. Challenges Ahead Despite the hopeful prospects for peace, significant challenges remain: Russian Resistance : Russia's historical tendency to resist meaningful negotiations stands as a major hurdle to peace efforts. Internal Divisions : Political rifts within Ukraine can impede the implementation of a unified peace strategy, complicating the pathway to resolution. Global Distractions : Other international crises could divert focus and resources away from the important work of resolving the Ukraine conflict. Overcoming these challenges will necessitate strong coordination and commitment from all parties involved. The Road Ahead The upcoming talks between the US, EU, and President Zelenskyy signify a pivotal moment in the pursuit of peace for Ukraine. The diplomatic engagement and support from Western powers are now more vital than ever. With global attention on these discussions, the outcomes could significantly alter the future of Ukraine and influence the international geopolitical landscape. The US and EU's dedication to Ukraine's sovereignty and stability remains essential in tackling the complexities of this ongoing conflict. In this uncertain time, hope for peace continues to guide all parties involved. While the path forward may be fraught with difficulties, open dialogue and cooperation can lead to a brighter future for Ukraine. A peaceful Ukrainian countryside symbolizing hope and resilience

The US-EU Trade Deal Closed at 15% London, 29 July 2025 The European Union will accept a 15% duty on the majority of its exports to the United States while lowering tariffs on some American goods to zero as part of a trade agreement with President Donald Trump, which European leaders attempted to defend Monday. German industry leaders have warned that the agreement exposes the car sector and will reduce the competitiveness of European businesses. According to Wolfgang Niedermark, a member of the executive board of Germany's BDI industrial group, "the agreement is an inadequate compromise and sends a disastrous signal to the closely intertwined economies on both sides of the Atlantic." Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, praised the deal, saying it will give consumers and companies certainty and predictability. Von der Leyen referred to tariff rates Trump threatened to reach as high as 50% and encouraged detractors to "not forget where we came from." (Source: Bloomberg . Edit by, The Decision Maker Finance editors)

What's Behind the Increase of Activist Investors Which Companies Play a Leading Role and What Does the Future Hold? By Angelos Tsigkopoulos Founder & CEO, Diorasis Group Publisher, The Decision Maker magazine Michaeal Douglas as Gordon Gekko from the film "Wall Street", 1987, Picture by Villains Wiki Summary With the ever-evolving landscape of corporate governance, a notable trend has emerged in recent years – the increase of activist investors. These investors, often hedge funds, have gained significant influence in shaping the strategies and decisions of the companies they target. Key Points The role of hedge funds in driving this surge of activist investors The disclosure rules surrounding their activities Companies that have played leading roles in this space What does the future holds for this growing trend The Role of Hedge Funds Hedge funds, with their vast pools of capital and sophisticated investment strategies, have long been known for their ability to generate substantial returns. Their involvement in activist investing has added a new dimension to their role in the financial markets. By taking substantial equity stakes in target companies, these funds aim to influence management decisions and drive enhanced shareholder value. Hedge funds employ various tactics to achieve their goals, such as advocating for changes in corporate strategy, demanding board representation, or even pushing for a sale or merger of the target company. Their actions often make headlines and can have a significant impact on the companies they target. Disclosure Rules on Activist Investors To ensure transparency and protect the interest of other shareholders, regulators have imposed disclosure rules on activist investors. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), for example, requires investors who hold more than 5% of a company's stock to file a Schedule 13D or 13G, which discloses their intentions and share ownership. However, some hedge funds take advantage of loopholes and delay their disclosure until they have amassed a significant stake in a company. This practice, known as “wolf-packing,” enables them to keep their investment activities hidden from public view until they are ready to disclose their intentions. Such tactics can create challenges for regulators in monitoring and regulating activist investing activities effectively. Leading Companies in Activist Investing Several companies have faced the brunt of activist investors and have become household names in the world of corporate activism. One such example is Apple Inc., which faced pressure from activist investor Carl Icahn. Icahn was vocal about his belief that Apple was undervalued and pushed for the company to increase its share buyback program. Apple eventually succumbed to his demands and considerably expanded its capital return program. Carl Icahn During a Conference 1980, Picture by Wikipedia Another notable case is the pharmaceutical giant, Allergan. It experienced a hostile takeover attempt by activist investors Bill Ackman and Valeant Pharmaceuticals. Ackman's hedge fund, Pershing Square Capital Management, accumulated a substantial stake in Allergan and pursued a merger with Valeant. Although the takeover ultimately failed, it highlighted the power of activist investors in shaping the future of companies. Bill Ackman in 2016, Picture by Wikipedia What Does the Future Hold? The future of activist investing appears to be promising, with no signs of slowing down. As hedge funds continue to amass large pools of capital, the potential for increased activism remains high. Additionally, changing market dynamics and evolving investor expectations are likely to fuel further interest in this approach. However, there are concerns about the potential downside of activist investing. Critics argue that short-term profit motives may overshadow the long-term interests of companies and their stakeholders. Excessive pressure for immediate results could hinder strategic decision-making and inhibit essential investments in research and development or long-term growth initiatives. Regulators and market participants will need to strike a delicate balance between protecting shareholders' rights and promoting sustainable corporate governance. Stricter disclosure rules and improved monitoring mechanisms may be required to promote transparency while allowing investors to express their views constructively. To conclude, the increase of activist investors, particularly hedge funds, has transformed the corporate landscape. These investors wield considerable influence over the companies they target and can shape their strategies and decision-making. As this trend continues to evolve, it is important for regulators, companies, and investors alike to carefully navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by activist investing. Only with a balanced and well-regulated approach can this phenomenon contribute positively to the advancement of shareholder value and corporate governance.

Digital Economy: Investing in Bitcoin Without Buying Bitcoin? Are Indirect Investments A Safer Option When Going Crypto? If there is anything that we have learned so far is that no form of crypto, including Bitcoin, has 100% stability. It was a few years back (2020-2021) when elon Musk wiped out 16% of bitcoin’s price value with a single tweet (X’s name back then) which has since had people being worry about investing in Bitcoin and crypto overall. The Philadelphia-based principal financial advisor on Wealth, S. Bhargav, has shared compelling insights into how to ensure financial safety with crypto going forward. We should probably be afraid that the hit taken by Bitcoin back then isn’t guaranteed to be the last one, but luckily, there are other investment options to stake on cryptocurrencies for the future that can lag investors from the seemingly random price slumps. Tracking Bitcoin Whether you are interested in cryptocurrencies or you already own Bitcoin and you are revaluating how to invest in the future with minimal risk, there are multiple ways Bhargav has enlisted herein that you can use to indirectly expose yourself to the growing popularity of cryptocurrencies, notwithstanding the price dips. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved a cryptocurrency stock exchange-traded fund (ETF) earlier in the year. According to a SEC prospectus filed earlier this month, the entities the ETF will track are called “Bitcoin Industry Revolution Companies.” These companies are either holding a majority of their net assets in bitcoins like MicroStrategy or make most of their profits from cryptocurrency mining or manufacturing mining machines like Marathon Digital Holdings. What Does That Mean for The Average Investor? The rise of Bitcoin in the financial ecosystem has seen companies go public with calls for regulations to be put in place for Bitcoin to be offered in the mainstream brokerage accounts. This means that as an average investor, you would prefer to get indirect exposure to Bitcoin via company shares. But how else can you invest in Bitcoin without necessarily buying it? Let’s get the insight: Buy Stock in Bitcoin-Related Companies Most companies that have bought Bitcoins make financial decisions with regards to bitcoin. This means that the average investor can go indirectly and buy shares from such companies as a way of third-party exposure to bitcoins. Bhargav says it is a great start for those aspiring to invest long term in crypto because such companies charge traders with exchange valuations determined in close correlations with fluctuations in bitcoin price value. The latest companies to do direct listings are MicroStrategy and Coinbase Global Inc. Invest in The Bitcoin Encryption Technology As a digital currency, Bitcoin takes tremendous work going into encryption before it is stored in Blockchain. This creates an opening for bitcoin mining companies to develop digital currency units. And owning a stake in such companies helps investors get indirect access to bitcoin. Invest in Altcoins Altcoins, as in alternative coins, are secondary digital currency creations that have come up in the wake of the creation of the bitcoin. An example is Litecoin (2011), which research indicates has outperformed the bitcoin 178% to 86% this year. The second Altcoin is Ethereum, which has risen 400% in the same period. (Research and edit by, The Decision Maker - Finance editors)

Francis Fukayama stresses the drastic transformations the American political system has undergone since its founding in his “America in Decay – The Sources of Political Dysfunction.” He believes that no administrative system has a place in a world in which small interest groups can wield so much power. A just political system, though, would be able to counteract the unjust power that elite networks hold. Therefore, the future would belong to the most effective states, just so long as they are being run legitimately and fairly. Due to a far greater potential for superior protection, a heightened possibility for a better way of life, and greater economic prospects, the most effective states would triumph over the peer-to-peer, decentralized networks. Unity, centralized organization, and common goals have long been key to protecting states from aggressors. Smaller, decentralized networks, conversely, tend to struggle more with unifying and all fighting together under the same leaders. Part of the reason the Union Army emerged victorious from the American Civil War was its strong cohesiveness and shared belief it was fighting for a just cause. The Confederacy, though, suffered from disarray within the states it constituted. It was largely unable to rally behind one leader and government due to its belief in states’ rights, which equated to decentralization. While much of the Confederate South stood together, parts of East Tennessee were running rampant with Unionists who would oppose the Confederate cause in any way possible. Many of these Unionists formed groups to oppose the Confederate Government, which undermined the stability of the region as well as the war effort. Thus, for a state or organization to look toward the future, let alone remain in existence, it must be able to efficiently protect itself. In this aspect, the most effective state clearly has an advantage Effective, centralized, and powerful states have also born witness to the some of the greatest discoveries and inventions in history. Such innovations ultimately improve the way of life of the state’s citizens. America is known to be a leader in the technological and medical frontiers, and yet has always relied on the government, in varying extents. Such a relationship dates back to the time of Alexander Hamilton and has continued throughout the sections of American history in which the country remained united and centralized. Examples include West Point being founded in the early 1800s by the U.S. government to foster a domestic advancement in engineering as well as when Congress allocated the money to build a revolutionary telegraph line from Washington D.C. to Baltimore in 1843. In the nineteenth century, the government also invested in biological and medical fields, aiding in the development of numerous cures. In Sub-Saharan Africa, though, decentralization has recently become the norm in dealing with urban development. As a result, responsibility for basic services, such as sanitation, electricity, and portable water, fall to sub-national authorities. Such decentralization practices have led to favouritism among certain parties, along with advantages to them in upcoming elections. In other words, decentralization has resulted in political parties winning over voters with the quality of their service, meaning they could just as easily use their power to punish their opponents. Hence, states that are operative and centralized tend to excel and operate more fairly in their development than those who choose to remain decentralized. Economies tend to thrive most in powerful, legitimate, and operative states. A prime example of this is the United States of America. Even after the recession that occurred in 2007-2008, it is currently regarded as the world’s largest economy. Numerous natural resources, a well-organized infrastructure, and high productivity are trademarks of the American economic system. Such qualities have made America attractive to foreign investors, as over $2.4 trillion dollars of foreign investments have been made in the American economy. These ample foreign investments make the economy stronger, and a stronger economy results in more investors. Decentralized networks of nations often have numerous troubles with their economies, as seen in early America. In the early days of the country, there were ongoing debates about how centralized the government should be, leaving it in a state of disunity. Most states had differing currencies, whether it be paper money, hard coins, or whiskey. No true national economic infrastructure was formed, and several monetary waves of panic ensued. Additionally, foreign countries were wary of investing in the wobbly nation, making matters even more difficult. Had the early American governing system been more consolidated, its economy would likely not have gotten off to such a rough start. In summary, the most effective states definitely seem to be better suited for the future than their decentralized counterparts. They have the upper hand in large part because of their better ability to protect themselves, their being fertile grounds for innovation and development of every sort, and their far greater potential for economic prosperity. (Written and edited by: The Decision Maker - International Relations editors)

Is the Future of Consulting at Risk in the Age of Digital Communication? By Angelos Tsigkopoulos Founder & CEO, Diorasis Group , Strategic Growth Consultants Publisher, The Decision Maker magazine   Keynote Speaker at The International Negotiations Conference, NegotiCON 2025 Angelos Tsigkopoulos, Founder & CEO, Diorasis Group, Publisher & MD, The Decision Maker magazine Consulting is not just an industry; consulting is an approach, a way of life. You can work in any industry and still adopt a consultative approach, which I highly recommend doing, by the way. Listening, is the key to a successful assessment, negotiation and a mutually beneficial deal, as a result. Yes, I have noticed; the consulting industry is undergoing transformative changes at lightning speed, primarily influenced by technological advancements and evolving communication styles. As professionals increasingly rely on digital tools, we must ask: are consultants at risk when emails and texts replace face-to-face meetings? Can they stay effective in a world where essential communication skills might be declining? Let's see. The Shift in Communication Dynamics With digital communication platforms becoming mainstream, our methods of interaction are changing. Instead of casual coffee chats or hallway discussions, many now choose emails and instant messages. This shift brings both convenience and efficiency, but it also raises concerns about communication quality. Digital tools enable asynchronous interactions, allowing messages to be sent and received without immediate responses. This can boost productivity but often leads to misunderstandings and reduced emotional engagement. For instance, studies show that 55% of communication is non-verbal, suggesting that text exchanges can miss vital emotional nuances. Consultants must adapt their communication strategies to maintain meaningful interactions while effectively leveraging technology. This challenge lies in fostering collaboration without losing the personal touch. Consulting face-to-face. Angelos Tsigkopoulos in action during an investors' presentation in 2017, London The Impact on Consulting Effectiveness Consultants excel at assessing client needs, building relationships, and offering customized solutions. Yet, how effective can they be without the nuances of human interaction? While digital tools facilitate engagement, they frequently lack the warmth of face-to-face discussions. Understanding a client's challenges and motivations typically requires more than just data. It demands empathy and emotional intelligence. For example, a 2021 survey found that 72% of clients believe in-person meetings enhance understanding and foster better relationships. When interactions are limited to emails or texts, it becomes difficult to read emotional undertones, potentially resulting in less effective solutions. Nevertheless, technology can enhance communication. Video conferencing tools, like Zoom, provide a semi-personal atmosphere that encourages dialogue and engagement. By utilizing these platforms effectively, consultants can strengthen their interactions, even in remote settings, ensuring that essential relationships flourish. Resilience of Core Communication Skills A key concern is whether traditional communication skills are declining due to the growth of digital communication. It may seem that the ease of texting and emailing could overshadow skills like active listening and persuasive speaking. However, the essentials of effective communication remain just as critical. Technology can actually help sharpen these skills. For instance, online courses and webinars on communication strategies make valuable resources widely accessible. A report from LinkedIn shows that 94% of employees believe that acquiring new skills is essential for career progress. Consultants who embrace continuous learning can refine their communication abilities. Rather than viewing technology as a threat, consultants should see it as an opportunity. Mastering a variety of communication modes can lead to greater adaptability and effectiveness in an ever-changing landscape. Bridging Technology and Human Interaction So, how can consultants effectively bridge the gap between technology and human interaction? Creating a balanced communication strategy is essential. Here are some practical tips to enhance communication in today’s digital world: Combine Digital and Personal Touchpoints : Use a mix of channels. Follow important conversations with personal follow-up calls or video meetings to deepen relationships and clarify misunderstandings. Leverage Interactive Webinars : Hosting engaging client webinars encourages participation and helps build a community while maximizing the benefits of digital communication. Utilize Collaboration Tools : Platforms like Slack or Trello can facilitate real-time discussions and team brainstorming sessions, ensuring connections and engagement, regardless of location. Be Mindful of Tone : Written communication lacks vocal cues, so being conscious of language and phrasing can minimize misunderstandings while preserving strong relationships. By adopting these strategies, consultants can stay effective and relevant in this digital age. The Future of Consulting: Embracing Change Looking ahead, the future of consulting is not at risk but rather evolving. The integration of technology into consulting practices presents both challenges and opportunities. Digital communication can enhance accessibility, streamline processes, and extend the reach of consulting services. Consultants who embrace technological change while focusing on genuine human interaction can thrive. Adapting to new tools while enhancing core communication skills prepares professionals to navigate challenges and excel in their roles. In essence, the future of consulting hinges on the ability to balance technology with vital elements of personalized engagement. My Final Thoughts on Adaptability Digital communication presents challenges to the consulting field but also opens pathways for new engagement and collaboration methods. A consultant's effectiveness will greatly depend on their ability to adapt and innovate in this digital environment. As technology reshapes communication, consultants must refine their skills and embrace tools that promote connection. By understanding the nuances of both communication styles, they can harmonize technology and human interaction, maximizing their impact. The future will bring new challenges, yet also opportunities for those willing to adjust. As we continue into this digital era, the core qualities of effective consultants—empathy, understanding, and clarity—will remain indispensable. Ultimately, the consulting profession must adapt to change while protecting the human elements that form its foundation. By understanding and responding to these dynamics, the consulting industry can thrive, leveraging technology as a tool rather than a barrier.

A lot has been said and done concerning weight loss. However, the subject has remained agonizingly complicated for many folks. Sure, we know that shedding that extra weight meant either giving up your favourite food, spending hours at the gym, or both. But times have changed and our schedules have gotten busier. According to the National Centre for Health and Statistics, 42.5% of adults over 20 years are considered obese, while 73.6% of Americans in the same age cluster are considered overweight. This statistic implies that over two-thirds of American adults are either obese or overweight. And while many people resort to extreme measures to shed weight, there is no single most effective way to lose weight. Fortunately, today, dropping that dress size doesn’t have to be so torturous and complicated. Obviously, if you are looking to shed a significant amount of weight, hard work and significant lifestyle changes are necessary, but the secret lies in making simple and informed tweaks to kickstart an effortless process of burning fat. Try a few of these to lose weight and maintain a lean muscle mass. Swap Sodas for Unsweetened Tea Sugary sodas are packed with large numbers of calories and are a terrible choice of drink for someone trying to lose weight. A can of coke, for instance, comes packed with 140 calories and 39 grams of sugar, which can risk overconsuming your daily caloric requirement. Try unsweetened tea (especially green tea) instead as it contains zero calories and is known to aid in fat-melting. Take Black Coffee Skip the luxury of sugar and cream and order your coffee black. Black coffee not only lacks calories but will help the body to burn calories. That is, black coffee will improve your average metabolic rate and help burn calories faster. Remember to Squeeze That Lemon in Your Water Spiking your water with some fresh lemon juice will make you drink more water and also add detox benefits to your body. Lemons contain antioxidant-rich compounds called polyphenols, which burn fat and prevent fat accumulation. Eat Off A Smaller Plate Swap your large dinner plate for a smaller one. This will not only help you eat accurate portions, but is also likely to trick your mind into thinking that you are eating more. Get into The Habit of Sleeping Early Well, this sounds more like a luxury to many, but sleeping for more than six hours a night has profound impacts on one's overall health. On the flip side, not getting the recommended 8 hours a night risks fatigue in your daily routine, which can subsequently lead you to crave high-calorie foods. However, getting sufficient sleep means you will feel less fatigued and eat less. Use Height Adjustable Desks at Work Stand at the workplace. Sitting all day long at work means you will pack more pounds every day. But today, experts are suggesting height adjustable desks to break the monotony and burn a few calories as well. These desks help you burn calories by enhancing workplace movement that improves metabolism and blood circulation. (Written and edited by: The Decision Maker)

Private Aviation; The Expectations of Ultra-High-Net-Worth Busy Business People from Their Private Aviation Company. In the fast-paced world of Ultra-High-Net-Worth individuals, efficiency is essential. For many busy executives, private aviation has become synonymous with convenience and flexibility. However, this luxury also comes with high expectations. What do these elite clients truly seek from their private aviation services? Understanding their needs can shed light on the distinct qualities that private aviation companies must provide to succeed. Time Efficiency One of the primary expectations of ultra high net worth individuals is time efficiency. Unlike regular travellers, busy executives often operate on tight schedules that leave little room for delays. They expect private aviation companies to streamline every aspect of the flying process, from booking flights to landing at their destinations. Private aviation should aim to minimize waiting times at every step. For example, clients expect to bypass lengthy security lines at commercial airports and want planes to be prepared for immediate take-off upon arrival. A study showed that 80% of private aviation users prioritize quick boarding and deplaning. A seamless transition is vital; clients want to step off their plane and directly into their next engagement, whether that’s a high-stakes meeting or a leisure activity. Private jet awaiting departure on a tarmac Personalized Services Ultra high net worth travellers know their time is precious, and they appreciate aviation companies that provide customized services to meet their unique needs. Personalized services go beyond adjusting flight itineraries; they often request tailored experiences—from selecting their meals to choosing in-flight entertainment. For instance, some clients may ask for a specific gourmet dish, perhaps a truffle risotto, to be onboard, highlighting the importance of individual preference. In fact, 70% of these travellers prefer having their favourite wines or spirits stocked in the cabin. Tailored itineraries that reflect specific preferences elevate the overall flying experience, ensuring clients feel valued and catered to. Safety and Security For private aviation clients, safety and security are non-negotiable. They expect their aviation partners to maintain the highest safety standards, ensuring that all aircraft are meticulously maintained and piloted by experienced professionals. In addition to safety protocols, privacy is equally critical. High net worth individuals often request discreet travel arrangements, which may include specific flight paths to avoid public scrutiny. According to a recent survey, 95% of these clients emphasize the importance of confidentiality and secure data handling. Both safety and privacy must be top priorities for any reputable aviation company. Interior view showcasing luxury in a private jet cabin Luxurious Amenities For many Ultra-High-Net-Worth individuals, private aviation represents luxury. They expect amenities that exceed those found in commercial flights. Spacious cabins, plush leather seating, and personalized décor are just the beginning. Clients often seek additional luxuries like high-speed Wi-Fi, advanced entertainment systems, and sleeping quarters that allow them to work or relax while flying. A 2023 report indicated that 85% of private jet users considered these comforts essential to their flying experience. The expectation is that private aviation companies will create environments that reflect their clients' tastes, blending indulgence with efficiency. Flexibility and Responsiveness Flexibility is another critical expectation from private aviation services. High net worth individuals frequently have dynamic lives, and their itineraries can shift unexpectedly. Therefore, aviation partners must be able to adapt rapidly to changes in travel plans. An exemplary private aviation company responds quickly to last-minute requests, ensuring clients experience minimal disruption. Whether it’s accommodating a sudden business meeting in a different city or changing a flight due to an urgent family matter, readiness and adaptability are crucial. Clients should feel confident that their aviation service can handle any change smoothly. Access to Exclusive Destinations High net worth individuals often aim for exclusive destinations not easily reachable by commercial airlines. They expect private aviation companies to provide access to remote or private airfields. The ability to land at smaller airports can save significant time and offer greater scheduling flexibility. For example, being able to land at Aspen Airport during peak ski season can turn a lengthy drive into a swift arrival at a luxury cabin. These clients do not just want flying services; they want tailored access to the world that suits their lifestyle. Cost Transparency While cost may not be the top concern for ultra high net worth individuals, they still value transparency in pricing. Hidden fees and unclear pricing structures can create dissatisfaction, even among luxury travellers. Clients prefer clear and straightforward quotes based on the actual services provided. This level of openness cultivates trust and helps to establish strong relationships between clients and aviation companies. A survey revealed that 90% of high net worth travellers prefer transparent pricing practices. Overall Customer Experience The overall customer experience is a key theme in the expectations of busy business people. They look for a seamless journey from start to finish that includes not only excellent flight services but also exceptional customer support. Clients appreciate having a dedicated point of contact who understands their needs and can anticipate their preferences throughout the journey. Exceptional customer service is about building genuine relationships, demonstrating empathy, and understanding the unique lifestyle of each client. A luxurious private jet taking off into the sky Closing Thoughts In the private aviation industry, Ultra-High-Net-Worth busy business people have distinct and elevated expectations that reflect their lifestyles and values. Time efficiency, personalized services, safety, luxury, and adaptability form just a few aspects of what these elite clients seek in their aviation partners. Meeting these expectations is not just about providing a service; it involves comprehensively understanding the nuances that define their lives. By responding to their evolving needs and striving for excellence, private aviation companies can foster lasting relationships with their clientele and set themselves apart in a competitive market. As the demand for superior travel continues to rise, those in the private aviation sector must innovate and refine their services, aligning with the aspirations of this elite demographic. (Written and edited by The Decision Maker - Finance and Lifestyle editors)

The Geopolitical Risks of AI in Global Trade Negotiations Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming global trade negotiations, offering new opportunities while also presenting serious challenges. As nations lean on AI tools for analysis and decision-making, the geopolitical landscape shifts in significant ways. Understanding these risks is essential, as they could reshape international relations and economic stability for years to come. One noteworthy advantage of AI in trade negotiations is its capacity to analyse vast amounts of data quickly and generate insights that were previously difficult to obtain. However, this capability carries risks that can intensify existing tensions and contribute to geopolitical instability. The intricate workings of a data centre, reflecting the backbone of AI technology. The Data Dilemma: Security and Privacy Concerns AI systems rely on expansive datasets, raising alarming issues regarding data security and privacy. Nations may choose to hoard or weaponize data, fostering an environment of data nationalism. In this scenario, countries prioritize their interests over global collaboration, undermining trust necessary for effective negotiations. The implications can be far-reaching. For example, a country may use AI to create biased trade models based on incomplete or skewed data. If this leads to securing significant tariffs or favorable trade agreements, it could spark heightened tensions. Studies show that 74% of businesses worry about the impact of data manipulation on their trading relationships, highlighting the stakes involved. Unequal Access to AI Technologies The gap in access to advanced AI technologies creates an uneven playing field in global trade. Developed nations often lead in AI research and development, while developing countries struggle due to limited resources and expertise. This digital divide has real consequences. For instance, a tech-savvy nation could develop AI tools that help them negotiate better terms, while less advanced nations may find themselves side-lined. This scenario can lead to feelings of resentment and lead to retaliatory trade measures. In fact, a report from the World Economic Forum indicates that countries with advanced AI capabilities could see a GDP increase of up to 26% by 2030, which could exacerbate global inequalities. The Risk of Dependence on AI Predictions AI-driven models can provide valuable insights, but over-reliance on these tools poses risks. Not every political shift, public sentiment change, or global event can be captured by algorithms. Countries that lean too heavily on AI models could miscalculate their strategies. For example, during recent trade discussions, a country might overlook critical real-time data that AI could not analyse, leading to decisions that sparked conflict. A study found that 45% of leaders in trade negotiations feel that AI predictions can mislead negotiations, showcasing the fragile balance between technology and human insight. Manipulation of AI for Deceptive Practices The manipulation of AI technologies introduces significant risks in global trade negotiations. Nations that exploit AI for disinformation campaigns can quickly erode the trust that trade relationships rely on. Consider a scenario where a country uses AI to produce fake trade documents or generates misleading data during negotiations. Such actions would not only damage existing alliances but could also undermine confidence in AI technologies altogether. A survey revealed that 60% of businesses expressed concerns about AI being used for fraudulent activities, indicating widespread apprehension about trust issues in negotiations. A bustling port showcasing the complexities of international trade logistics. Regulatory Challenges and International Cooperation As AI becomes more integrated into trade negotiations, the need for strong regulatory frameworks becomes clear. Different regulatory approaches among nations can complicate efforts to establish mutual trust. For example, if one country implements strict privacy laws while another has minimal regulations, the potential for disputes rises. To address these divergent approaches, countries must collaborate to create shared regulations and standards. A joint survey conducted by various trade organizations found that 79% of respondents believe uniform AI regulations would enhance international trade relationships. The Rise of AI-Driven Nationalism AI's impact on global trade could also lead to a new form of nationalism, where countries focus inward rather than engaging in international cooperation. This AI-driven nationalism may result in protectionist policies and barriers that disrupt global supply chains. As countries perceive threats from AI, they may resort to aggressive measures like tariffs or export restrictions. This inward focus can create economic instability, undermining interconnected trade networks. Research indicates that such protectionist measures can lower global trade growth by nearly 3% annually, amplifying geopolitical risks in a rapidly changing economic landscape. Addressing the Geopolitical Risks of AI Mitigating the geopolitical risks of AI in global trade negotiations requires proactive measures. Transparency and dialogue among nations are critical. These discussions should focus on data security, equitable access to AI technologies, and establishing clear regulatory frameworks. Collaborative initiatives that promote AI research and skills development can bridge the technological gap between nations, ensuring all can harness AI's benefits while minimizing associated risks. Additionally, forming international standards for ethical AI use in trade will foster greater trust and cooperation. Navigating the Future of Global Trade The inclusion of AI in global trade negotiations brings both opportunities and significant challenges that deserve attention. While AI can streamline decision-making and drive efficiency, the geopolitical risks introduced are complex and far-reaching. Nations must proceed with caution to avoid conflicts and nurture cooperative efficiencies. By emphasizing transparency, collaboration, and equitable access to AI technologies, countries can work together to reduce the risks posed by AI and achieve a more stable and sustainable future in global trade. In a technology-driven world, the challenge is not only in harnessing AI's potential but also in navigating the complexities it introduces to the geopolitical landscape. The future of global trade may well depend on our ability to find the right balance between these risks and innovative solutions. (Written and edited by, The Decision Maker - Technology editors with the help of AI)